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Acute Otitis Media (AOM)

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Acute

What is Acute Otitis Media (AOM)?

This information is for patients, families and carers following a diagnosis of Acute Otitis Media (AOM)

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  • Ear pain.
  • Loss of balance.
  • Hearing difficulties.
  • Fluid draining from ear(s)
  • Unusual irritability.
  • Difficulty sleeping or staying asleep.
  • Tugging or pulling at one or both ears.
  • Fever, especially in infants and younger children.

Without proper treatment, suppurative fluid from the middle ear can extend to the adjacent anatomical locations and result in complications such as tympanic membrane (TM) perforation, mastoiditis, labyrinthitis, petrositis, meningitis, brain abscess, hearing loss, lateral and cavernous sinus thrombosis, and others.

Otitis media is inflammation or infection located in the middle ear. Otitis media can occur as a result of a cold, sore throat, or respiratory infection.

When the eustachian tube does not work well, fluid can get trapped in the middle space of the ear and become infected. Other risk factors for AOM include tobacco smoke exposure, day care attendance, family history of AOM, and atopy (such as eczema, asthma, and seasonal allergies).

Breast-feeding, using family or small-group day care for infants and toddlers and avoiding exposure to household tobacco smoke are the main preventive measures against acute otitis media (AOM). It is also useful to immunize children who have recurrent otitis media with the influenza and the pneumococcal vaccines.

How is it diagnosed?

How is it diagnosed?

Amoxicillin has good efficacy in the treatment of otitis media due to its high concentration in the middle ear. In cases of penicillin allergy, the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) recommends azithromycin as a single dose of 10 mg/kg or clarithromycin (15 mg/kg per day in 2 divided doses)

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How is it treated?

Treatment for acute myeloid leukemia is vital. It varies with the patient and stage of the disease. Treatment options include

Decongestants and antihistamines do not appear to have efficacy either early or late in the acute process, although they may relieve coexistent nasal symptoms. Systemic steroids have no demonstrated role in the acute phase. Tympanocentesis and myringotomy are the procedures used to treat AOM

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