Critical Care Medicine

Paediatrics

What is Critical Care Medicine?

In a Critical Care Medicine department, a range of procedures is performed to manage critically ill patients who require intensive monitoring and treatment.

Here are some common procedures

  • Arterial Blood Gas (ABG) Analysis - Measuring oxygen and carbon dioxide levels in the blood to assess respiratory function and acid-base balance.
  • Chest X-rays - Imaging to evaluate lung conditions, cardiac silhouette, and the presence of fluid or air in the thoracic cavity.
  • Ultrasound - Evaluating heart function under physical stress, typically using a treadmill or medication to induce stress, to diagnose conditions like coronary artery disease.
  • Holter Monitoring - Point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) for rapid assessment of cardiac function, fluid status, or guiding procedures like central line placement.

  • Hemodynamic Monitoring - Continuous monitoring of vital signs, including blood pressure, heart rate, and central venous pressure (CVP), often using invasive catheters.
  • Pulmonary Artery Catheterization - Inserting a catheter to measure pulmonary artery pressures, cardiac output, and other hemodynamic parameters.

  • Endotracheal Intubation - Inserting a tube into the trachea to secure the airway and facilitate mechanical ventilation.
  • Mechanical Ventilation - Managing patients on ventilators, including adjusting settings based on patient needs and clinical status.
  • Central Venous Catheter Placement - Inserting a catheter into a large vein for medication administration, fluid resuscitation, or monitoring.

  • Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) - Performing life-saving measures in cases of cardiac arrest, including chest compressions and defibrillation.
  • Chest Tube Insertion - Placing a tube into the pleural space to drain fluid, air, or blood.

  • Sedation Protocols - Administering medications for sedation and pain control in critically ill patients, often with careful monitoring of depth and response.

  • Nutritional Support - Initiating enteral or parenteral nutrition to meet the metabolic needs of critically ill patients.
  • Fluid Resuscitation - Administering intravenous fluids to manage shock or dehydration.

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