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Interventional Radiology

About the Specialty

Providing accuracy in diagnosing and treating a wide variety of diseases. The Interventional Radiology Department at MGMCH is a specially set up diagnostic department.

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The department comprises of interventional radiologists, nurses, technologists, and support staff. The experts here use minimally invasive image-guided procedures that help in accurate diagnoses and treatment of a wide range of medical conditions like angioplasty, stent placement, embolization, ablation, and more. These procedures typically involve small incisions, needles, catheters, or wires guided by real-time imaging techniques such as fluoroscopy, ultrasound, CT scans, or MRI.

Our priority is to ensure the comfort and safety of our patients. Each member of our team ensures that they provide the best treatment to the patients. We establish our goals through advanced and accurate diagnoses and considerate and compassionate treatment plans.

To provide advanced treatment to all our patients, the department is equipped with advanced medical imaging technology and specialized equipment. Equipment like fluoroscopy machines, ultrasound machines, CT scanners, and angiography suites are all available at MGMCH’s Interventional Radiology Department.

HOD Message

HOD Message

I am here to share some important information about the Department of Interventional Radiology at Mahatma Gandhi Medical College & Hospital, Jaipur. Interventional Radiology is a specialized medical field that uses advanced imaging techniques to perform minimally invasive procedures.

Dr. Hemant Kumar Mishra

Professor & HOD

Department of Interventional Radiology

Our dedicated team of interventional radiologists is committed to providing the highest quality of care to our patients. We use latest technology and techniques to diagnose and treat a wide range of medical conditions. Our department plays a crucial role in improving patient outcomes, reducing recovery times, and minimizing the risks associated with traditional surgery. Whether it is treating vascular diseases, removing blockages, or delivering targeted cancer therapies, we are here to make a meaningful difference in the lives of our patients. At Mahatma Gandhi Medical College & Hospital, Jaipur, we are proud to offer a comprehensive range of interventional radiology services. Our team works collaboratively with other healthcare professionals to ensure a personalized and holistic approach to patient care.

We are dedicated to advancing our field through research and innovation, and we are continuously expanding our knowledge to provide the best possible treatments. We are committed to patient education and empowerment, ensuring that you have the information you need to make informed decisions about your healthcare. If you or your family members ever require our services, please know that you are in capable and caring hands.

Our priority is your health and well-being, and we are here to answer any questions you may have. Thank you for entrusting us with your healthcare needs. Together, we can continue to make strides in improving the quality of life for our community. Sincerely,

Specialty Clinics

Minimally Invasive Procedures

At MGMCH, we aim to provide minimally invasive procedures. These procedures are conducted through small incisions, needles, catheters, or wires. We have experts in fluoroscopy, ultrasound, CT scans, and MRI which are minimally invasive real-time imaging techniques. Our experts work towards providing the best care for patients in order to provide them with shorter recovery times and fewer complications.

Diagnostic and Therapeutic Services

Our Interventional Radiology Department offers a wide range of services, including diagnostic procedures to identify diseases and conditions, as well as therapeutic interventions to treat them. our team comprises experts in interventions like angioplasty, stent placement, embolization, ablation, and more.

Disease Management

Our team is trained in managing a diverse spectrum of diseases and conditions, including vascular disorders (e.g., aneurysms, peripheral artery disease), cancer (e.g., tumour embolization, radiofrequency ablation), pain management, gastrointestinal and hepatobiliary disorders, neurological conditions (e.g., stroke intervention), and more.

Outpatient and Inpatient Care

We have experts for outpatient and inpatient care. State-of-the-art infrastructure is available for both types of care. Outpatient IR interventions can be performed depending on the complexity of the procedure, while hospitalization may be required for others.

Core Competencies

Medical Knowledge

We have an experienced team of interventional radiologists, nurses, technologists, and support staff having advanced level knowledge of anatomy, physiology, and pathophysiology relevant to IR procedures. We have specially trained operators and healthcare professionals who are well-versed with the latest advances in IR techniques, equipment, and research.

Technical Skills

We have a technically sound team who are experts in using imaging modalities such as fluoroscopy, ultrasound, CT, and MRI for guidance during procedures. Our staff have expertise in catheterization, wire manipulation, and device placement.

Accuracy in Patient Evaluation and Selection

Our personalized diagnostic plans are backed by a deep understanding of patient history, clinical data, and imaging studies. This ensures that the IR procedure is conducted with accuracy. The patient risk factors and contraindications are thoroughly studied to increase accuracy in treatment.

Informed Consent

Transparency with compassion and ethical standards in communication is what we believe in at MGMCH. Our team is proficient in communicating with patients and families to explain the procedure, its risks, benefits, and alternatives to obtain their informed consent.

Procedural Skills

The experienced interventional radiologists in our team have finesse in a wide range of IR procedures, including diagnostic and therapeutic interventions. Through their experience in the field, they have gained the knowledge to provide patient outcomes in challenging anatomical variations or unexpected complications during the procedures.

Patient Care and Safety

We are a team committed to keeping patient safety and comfort at the topmost priority. We aim to minimize or mitigate procedural risks. Proper sanitization and other radiation safety measures are followed to reduce the risk of infections or other radiation side effects. We recognize and manage complications by constant monitoring of patient’s condition during and after procedures.

Communication and Collaboration

Behind every successful medical journey, there is a dedicated effort of many healthcare professionals. We at MGMCH work as a team in cases requiring collaboration from referring physicians, nurses, and other healthcare professionals. This ensures that our patients get comprehensive care and better treatment.

Documentation

Proper filing of complete medical documentation like pre-procedure evaluations, informed consent, procedural details, and post-procedure care helps better follow-ups and treatment plans.

Quality Improvement

Our team at the Interventional Radiology Department believes continuous improvement in quality assurance is the key to better patient outcomes. We participate in quality assurance drives and peer review processes to identify opportunities for enhancement.

Ethical and Professional Behavior

Our team strictly follows patient confidentiality and respects their autonomy. Our conduct with every patient is driven by our ethics, professionalism, and empathy.

Emergency Response

We have a very quick response team who are trained to tackle emergencies or complications during procedures. They have complete knowledge of basic life support and advanced cardiac life support protocols.

Aims and Objectives

The aims and objectives of interventional radiology (IR) revolve around the use of minimally invasive image-guided procedures to diagnose, treat, and manage a wide range of medical conditions. The primary goals of interventional radiology are as follows:

  • Minimize Invasiveness:

    Aim: To reduce the need for open surgery whenever possible.

    Objective: To employ minimally invasive techniques that result in smaller incisions, less pain, faster recovery, and reduced risk of complications for patients.

  • Diagnose and Trea:

    Aim: To provide both diagnostic and therapeutic services.

    Objective: To use imaging guidance to accurately diagnose diseases and conditions and then perform minimally invasive procedures to treat them effectively.

  • Improve Patient Outcome:

    Aim: To enhance patient care and quality of life.

    Objective: To offer treatments that improve or extend patients' lives, alleviate symptoms, and reduce the need for prolonged hospitalization.

  • Patient-Centered Care:

    Aim: To prioritize the needs and preferences of patients.

    Objective: To engage in open communication with patients, obtain informed consent, and tailor treatment plans to individual patient circumstances.

  • Enhance Safety:

    Aim: To ensure the safety of patients during procedures.

    Objective: To adhere to strict safety protocols, including infection control, radiation safety, and monitoring for complications

  • Collaborative Approach:

    Aim: To work collaboratively with other healthcare professionals.

    Objective: To engage in multidisciplinary teams, including surgeons, oncologists, nurses, and referring physicians, to provide comprehensive care for patients.

  • Research and Innovation:

    Aim: To advance the field through research and innovation.

    Objective: To participate in research, clinical trials, and academic pursuits to improve existing techniques, develop new technologies, and refine interventional radiology practices.

  • Education and Training:

    Aim: To educate and train the next generation of interventional radiologists.

    Objective: To teach medical students, residents, and fellows, as well as engage in continuous education and training to stay current with evolving techniques and technologies.

  • Quality Improvemen:

    Aim: To continually improve the quality of care.

    Objective: To participate in quality assurance and peer review processes, analyze outcomes, and identify areas for improvement.

    10. Ethical and Professional Behavior: - Aim: To uphold ethical standards and professionalism. - Objective: To adhere to ethical principles, maintain patient confidentiality, and demonstrate professionalism in all interactions

  • Access to Care:

    Aim: To ensure that patients have access to IR services.

    Objective: To advocate for the availability of IR services within healthcare institutionsandaddress healthcare disparities by providing access to a broad patient population.These aims and objectives reflect the core principles of interventional radiology,which focus on delivering high-quality, patient-centered care through minimally invasive techniques, safety, collaboration, research, and ethical practice. Interventional radiologists and their teams work diligently to achieve these goals while continuously advancing the field to benefit patients and healthcare as a whole.

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Treatments

Interventional radiology (IR) encompasses a wide range of minimally invasive procedures that are used to diagnose and treat various medical conditions. These treatments are guided by real-time imaging techniques, such as fluoroscopy, ultrasound, CT scans, or MRI, to precisely target and treat the affected area. Here are some common treatments in interventional radiology:

  • Vascular Interventions
    1. Angioplasty and Stenting: Widening and reinforcing narrowed or blocked blood vessels (e.g., peripheral artery disease, renal artery stenosis, carotid artery disease).
    2. Embolization: Blocking blood vessels or abnormal blood flow, often used to treat bleeding (e.g., uterine fibroid embolization, arteriovenous malformation embolization).
    3. Thrombolysis and Thrombectomy: Dissolving or removing blood clots in arteries or veins (e.g., deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism).
  • Oncologic Interventions
    1. Tumor Ablation: Destroying tumors using techniques like radiofrequency ablation, microwave ablation, or cryoablation (e.g., liver cancer, kidney cancer, lung cancer).
    2. Transarterial Chemoembolization (TACE): Delivering chemotherapy drugs directly to a tumor's blood supply while blocking blood flow to the tumor (e.g., hepatocellular carcinoma).
    3. Radioembolization: Delivering radioactive microspheres to liver tumors (e.g., metastatic colorectal cancer).
  • Pain Management
    1. dural Steroid Injections: Delivering anti-inflammatory medications to the epidural space to alleviate back or neck pain.
    2. Facet Joint Injections: Injecting pain-relieving medications into the facet joints of the spine.
    3. Nerve Blocks: Injecting local anesthetics or steroids around nerves to relieve pain (e.g., sciatica, chronic regional pain syndrome).
  • Gastrointestinal and Hepatobiliary Interventions
    1. Biliary Stenting: Placing stents in the bile ducts to treat obstructions or strictures.
    2. Gastrointestinal Bleeding Control: Embolization or cauterization to stop gastrointestinal bleeding.
    3. Gastrostomy and Jejunostomy Tube Placement: Inserting feeding tubes for nutritional support.
  • Pulmonary Interventions
    1. Pleurodesis: Inducing adhesion between the lung and chest wall to treat recurrent pleural effusion.
    2. Bronchial Artery Embolization: Treating massive hemoptysis (severe coughing up of blood) by blocking bleeding bronchial arteries.
  • Urologic Interventions
    1. Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy (PCNL): Minimally invasive surgery to remove kidney stones.
    2. Prostate Artery Embolization (PAE): Reducing the size of an enlarged prostate to relieve urinary symptoms (benign prostatic hyperplasia).
  • Neurointerventions:
    1. Mechanical Thrombectomy: Removing blood clots in the brain's blood vessels to treat acute stroke.
    2. Cerebral Aneurysm Coiling: Placing coils in an aneurysm to prevent rupture.
  • Musculoskeletal Interventions
    1. Vertebroplasty and Kyphoplasty: Stabilizing fractured vertebrae with the injection of bone cement.
    2. Image-Guided Joint Injections: Delivering pain relief and anti-inflammatory medications into joints.
  • Pediatric Interventions
    1. Vascular Malformation Embolization: Treating vascular malformations in children.
    2. Congenital Heart Defect Closure: Closing septal defects or patent ductus arteriosus using catheter-based techniques. These are just some examples of the many treatments performed in interventional radiology. The specific procedure chosen depends on the patient's diagnosis and individual circumstances, and interventional radiologists work in collaboration with other healthcare provide to determine the most appropriate course of treatment.
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Procedures

Here are some common procedures in interventional radiology
  • Angiography:
  • Procedure: A contrast dye is injected into blood vessels, and X-ray images are taken to visualize the blood vessels and assess their patency.
  • Applications: Used to diagnose and assess conditions like peripheral artery disease, aneurysms, and vascular abnormalities.
Angioplasty and Stenting
  • Procedure: A balloon-tipped catheter is inserted into a narrowed or blocked blood vessel and inflated to widen it. A stent may be placed to keep the vessel open.
  • Applications: Treatment for conditions such as arterial stenosis or restenosis after previous angioplasty.
Embolization
  • Procedure: A substance (e.g., coils, particles, or glue) is injected into blood vessels to block blood flow, treating conditions like bleeding or vascular malformations.
  • Applications: Used to treat aneurysms, arteriovenous malformations, or control bleeding.
Thrombolysis and Thrombectomy
  • Procedure: Clot-dissolving medications are delivered directly to blood clots (thrombolysis) or mechanical devices are used to remove clots (thrombectomy).
  • Applications: Treatment for deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, or acute stroke.
BTumor Ablation
  • Procedure: Tumors are destroyed using techniques such as radiofrequency ablation, microwave ablation, or cryoablation.
  • Applications: Used to treat liver, kidney, lung, and bone tumors.
Biopsy
  • Procedure: A needle is guided by imaging to collect tissue samples for diagnosis.
  • Applications: Used to obtain samples from organs like the liver, lung, and breast.
Central Venous Access
  • Procedure: Placement of central venous catheters (e.g., PICC lines, tunneled catheters, ports) for long-term intravenous access.
  • Applications: For chemotherapy, nutrition, or frequent blood draws.
Vertebroplasty and Kyphoplasty
  • Procedure: Bone cement is injected into fractured vertebrae to stabilize them.
  • Applications: Used to treat painful vertebral compression fractures.
Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy (PCNL)
  • Procedure: Minimally invasive surgery to remove kidney stones through a small incision in the back.
  • Applications: Treatment for large or complex kidney stones.
Gastrointestinal Interventions
  • Procedure: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) and endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) for diagnosing and treating biliary and pancreatic disorders.
Joint Injections
  • Procedure: Steroid or hyaluronic acid injections guided by imaging into joints for pain relief.
  • Applications: Treatment for conditions like osteoarthritis.
Nerve Blocks
  • Procedure: Injection of local anesthetics or steroids around nerves to relieve pain (e.g., epidural injections, facet joint injections).
Pediatric Interventions
  • Procedure:Closure of congenital heart defects, embolization of vascular malformations, andother procedures tailored to children's needs.

These procedures are performed by interventional radiologists, who have specialized training in using imaging techniques to guide their interventions with precision and minimal invasiveness. The choice of procedure depends on the patient's diagnosisand condition, and interventional radiologists work closely with other healthcare providers to.

Facilities

Interventional radiology (IR) departments are specialized areas within healthcare facilities, typically located in hospitals, where minimally invasive diagnostic and therapeuticprocedures are performed under image guidance. These departments are equipped with advanced imaging equipment and specialized tools to ensure the safety and success of interventional procedures. Here are some key facilities and equipment commonly found in IR department MGMCH.

Imaging Equipment

  • Fluoroscopy: A type of X-ray that provides real-time moving images. Used for angiography and many other procedures.
  • Digital Subtraction Angiography (DSA): A technique that enhances the contrast between blood vessels and surrounding tissues for detailed vascular imaging.
  • Ultrasound: Used for procedures such as guided biopsies, drain placements, and vascular access.
  • Computed Tomography (CT): Provides detailed cross-sectional images for procedures like CT-guided biopsies and drain placements.
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI): Used for MR-guided procedures when real-time imaging is required.
  • C-arm Fluoroscopy: A specialized mobile X-ray machine often used in angiography and orthopedic procedures.

Procedure Rooms

  • Specially designed rooms with lead shielding to protect staff and patients from radiation.
  • Sterile environment for procedures requiring aseptic techniques.
  • Patient monitoring equipment.

Radiation Protection

  • Lead aprons, thyroid shields, and lead glasses for staff protection.
  • Radiation badges to monitor occupational exposure.
  • Lead-lined walls, doors, and viewing windows to contain radiation.

Infection Control

  • Strict protocols for maintaining a sterile field during procedures.
  • Facilities for proper handwashing and sterilization of equipment.

Procedure Tables

  • Adjustable tables to position patients comfortably during procedures.
  • Specialized tables for angiography, vascular interventions, and pain management procedures.

Equipment for Guidewire and Catheter Manipulation

  • Guidewires, catheters, and microcatheters for navigating through blood vessels or other anatomical structures.
  • Devices for wire and catheter manipulation, such as catheter introducers and dilators.

Medical Tools and Devices

  • A wide range of specialized devices for specific procedures, such as embolization coils, stents, balloons, and biopsy needles.

Sedation and Anesthesia Equipment

  • Medications and equipment for patient sedation or anesthesia during longer or more uncomfortable procedures.

Patient Recovery Area

  • Space for patients to recover after procedures.
  • Monitoring equipment to track vital signs and ensure patient safety.

Storage and Sterilization Facilities

  • Storage for equipment, supplies, and sterile instruments.
  • Facilities for cleaning, sterilizing, and disinfecting instruments and equipment.

Computer Workstations

  • High-resolution monitors and computer systems for image acquisition, post-processing, and documentation.

Radiation Safety Education and Training

  • Ongoing training and education for staff on radiation safety protocols and best practices.

Patient Consultation Rooms

  • Rooms for discussing procedures with patients, obtaining informed consent, and providing post-procedure care instructions.

Our Associated Doctors

Management Team
Dr. Hemant Kumar Mishra

Professor & HOD

Experience34 years

QualificationMBBS, MD

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Management Team
Dr. Nikhil Bansal

Associate Professor

Experience09 years

QualificationMBBS, PGDHHM, MD, FVIR, Radio-Diagnosis

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Management Team
Dr. Manu Gupta

Assistant Professor

Experience5 years

QualificationMD, FVIR, PDCC

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Dr. Heera Ram

Assistant Professor

Experience4 years

QualificationM.D.

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Management Team
Dr. Poorvi Malik

Assistant Professor

Experience6 years

QualificationM.D.

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FAQs

IR is a medical specialty that uses minimally invasive procedures and image guidance to diagnose and treat a wide range of medical conditions.

Preparation instructions vary depending on the specific procedure, but you may need to fast, discontinue certain medications, and arrange for transportation home.

Answer: Most IR procedures are minimally painful, but some discomfort or pressure may be felt. Local anesthesia or conscious sedation is often used to minimize discomfort.

The duration varies based on the complexity of the procedure, but many IR procedures are relatively quick and can be completed within an hour.

It depends on the procedure. Some may require you to be awake and alert, while others may involve conscious sedation or general anesthesia.

Yes, some IR procedures use X-ray or fluoroscopy, which involves a minimal amount of radiation exposure. The benefits of the procedure are typically considered to outweigh the small radiation risk.

IR procedures carry some risks, such as bleeding, infection, and adverse reactions to contrast dye. Your healthcare team will discuss these risks with you before the procedure.

Recovery times vary depending on the procedure. Some IR procedures allow for a quick recovery, while others may require more extended post-procedure care.

The timing of result availability depends on the type of procedure and the specific tests being performed. Your healthcare provider will inform you when to expect results.

This depends on the specific procedure and whether you received sedation. Your healthcare provider will provide post-procedure dietary instructions.

The timing for resuming regular activities varies based on the procedure and your individual recovery. Your healthcare team will provide guidance on when it is safe to do so.

Contact your healthcare provider or the IR department immediately if you experience unexpected symptoms or complications, such as severe pain, bleeding, or signs of infection.

It is common to feel anxious before any medical procedure. You can discuss your concerns with your healthcare team, and they can provide reassurance and, if necessary, medications to help you relax. and receive personalized information.

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