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Amyloid Heart Disease

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Amyloid Heart Disease

What is Amyloid Heart Disease?

Amyloidosis is a collection of diseases caused when the protein amyloid abnormally deposits into one or more organs in the body. This can lead to disruption of normal organ functioning. Cardiac amyloidosis is the term used when amyloid protein deposits are found in the heart.

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Amyloid protein deposits in the heart can lead to: Congestive heart failure. Symptoms include shortness of breath during activity or while at rest, fatigue, fluid buildup in the abdomen and legs, and difficulty lying flat at night. Heart rhythm abnormalities.

Cardiac amyloidosis may affect the way electrical signals move through the heart (conduction system). This can lead to abnormal heartbeats (arrhythmias) and faulty heart signals (heart block). The condition can be inherited. This is called familial cardiac amyloidosis.

The condition can be inherited. This is called familial cardiac amyloidosis. It can also develop as the result of another disease such as a type of bone and blood cancer, or as the result of another medical problem causing inflammation. Cardiac amyloidosis is more common in men than in women.

  • Family history.
  • Kidney dialysis.
  • Race.
  • Age. Most people diagnosed with amyloidosis are between ages 60 and 70.
  • Sex. Amyloidosis occurs more commonly in men.
  • Other diseases. Having a chronic infectious or inflammatory disease increases the risk of AA amyloidosis.

Most types of amyloidosis are not preventable, but managing your kidney disease may help you delay or avoid kidney failure. You may be able to prevent AA amyloidosis if your chronic inflammatory condition is treated early and the inflammation is kept under control.

How is it diagnosed?

How is it diagnosed?
  • Tafamidis. This medication stabilizes the transthyretin protein and keeps it from misfolding, reducing the levels of the amyloid fibrils that build up in the heart.
  • Patisiran and Inotersen.
  • Organ transplantation.
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How is it treated?

Treatment for acute myeloid leukemia is vital. It varies with the patient and stage of the disease. Treatment options include

  • Chemotherapy.
  • Drugs that target the abnormal protein (tafamidis)
  • Implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (AICD)
  • Pacemaker, if there are problems with heart signals.
  • Prednisone, an anti-inflammatory medicine.
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