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Apnea of Prematurity

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Acute

What is Apnea of Prematurity?

Apnea of prematurity is a disorder in infants who are preterm that is defined as cessation of breathing by that lasts for more than 20 seconds and/or is accompanied by hypoxia or bradycardia. Apnea of prematurity is often linked to earlier prematurity.

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Smaller and more premature infants are more likely to have AOP. Although it's normal for all infants to have pauses in breathing and heart rates, those with AOP have drops in heart rate below 80 beats per minute. This causes them to become pale or bluish. They may also look limp and their breathing might be noisy.

Apnea of prematurity is one of the problems of babies born too early. A slow heart rate and decreased oxygen levels in the blood may happen with apnea of prematurity. These babies are at risk for respiratory failure and death. They may also have long-term lung problems.

Apnea can be caused by immaturity of the brain and weakness of the muscles that keep the airway open. At times, additional stresses in a premature baby — including infection, heart or lung problems, low blood count, low oxygen levels, temperature problems, feeding problems and overstimulation — may worsen apnea.

Apnea can be caused by immaturity of the brain and weakness of the muscles that keep the airway open. At times, additional stresses in a premature baby — including infection, heart or lung problems, low blood count, low oxygen levels, temperature problems, feeding problems and overstimulation — may worsen apnea.

Sometimes a home cardiorespiratory monitor and/or oral caffeine may be prescribed to shorten the hospital stay for infants who are otherwise ready for discharge but are still having cardiopulmonary events that reverse without intervention.

How is it diagnosed?

How is it diagnosed?

If no infectious or other treatable underlying disorder is found, respiratory stimulants are indicated for treatment of frequent or severe episodes, characterized by hypoxemia, cyanosis, bradycardia, or a combination.

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How is it treated?

Treatment for acute myeloid leukemia is vital. It varies with the patient and stage of the disease. Treatment options include

More conservative treatments are available, such as kangaroo care, postural changes, and sensory stimulation, but they may not be effective. While apnea of prematurity resolves spontaneously as the respiratory system matures, it can complicate neonatal care and may have both short-term and long-term consequences.

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