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Bladder Cancer

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Acute

What is Bladder Cancer?

Bladder cancer is a common type of cancer that begins in the cells of the bladder. The bladder is a hollow muscular organ in your lower abdomen that stores urine. Bladder cancer most often begins in the cells (urothelial cells) that line the inside of your bladder.

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Blood in your urine is the most common symptom of bladder cancer. The medical name for blood in your urine is haematuria and it's usually painless. You may notice streaks of blood in your urine or the blood may turn your urine brown. The blood isn't always noticeable and it may come and go.

Complications related to the tumor include weight loss, fatigue, UTI, metastasis, and urinary obstruction leading to chronic kidney failure. [14]The adverse effects of surgical management include UTI, urinary leak, pouch stones, urinary tract obstruction, erectile dysfunction, and vaginal narrowing

  • Smoking tobacco.
  • Older age.
  • Being male.
  • Workplace exposure to certain chemicals called amines, benzene products, and aniline dyes.
  • Use of the chemotherapy drug cyclophosphamide.
  • Previous radiation therapy to the pelvic area.
  • Diabetes treatment using the drug pioglitazone.
  • Family history.
  • Avoid or stop tobacco use. To reduce your risk of bladder cancer, don't smoke and avoid using tobacco products altogether.
  • Reduce chemical exposure.
  • Eat a well-balanced diet and maintain a healthy weight.
  • Stay hydrated.
  • Tobacco use.
  • Age.
  • Gender.
  • Race.
  • Chemicals.
  • Previous radiation therapy to the pelvis.
  • Chronic bladder problems.
  • Cyclophosphamide use.

How is it diagnosed?

How is it diagnosed?
  • Radiation therapy. Radiation therapy uses high-energy x-rays or other types of radiation to kill cancer cells or keep them from growing.
  • Chemotherapy.
  • Immunotherapy.
  • Targeted therapy.
  • Clinical trials.
  • Follow-up testing.
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How is it treated?

Treatment for acute myeloid leukemia is vital. It varies with the patient and stage of the disease. Treatment options include

Cystectomy. Cystectomy is surgery to remove all or part of the bladder. During a partial cystectomy, your surgeon removes only the portion of the bladder that contains a single cancerous tumor. A radical cystectomy is an operation to remove the entire bladder and the surrounding lymph nodes.

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