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Bone Marrow Failure

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Acute

What is Bone Marrow Failure?

Bone marrow failure (BMF) refers to the decreased production of one or more major hematopoietic lineages, which leads to diminished or absent hematopoietic precursors in the bone marrow and attendant cytopenias. It can be divided into two categories: acquired and inherited

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Common symptoms of inherited bone marrow failure syndromes are related to aplastic anemia. They include fatigue and pallor due to anemia, hemorrhage secondary to thrombocytopenia, and fevers, mucosal ulcerations, and bacterial infections from neutropenia

The most common complications of inherited bone marrow failure include bleeding, infections, malignancies such as squamous cell carcinoma, and lymphoproliferative disorders. Monitor via surveillance and treat symptomatically with antibiotics, chemotherapy, and/or transfusions.

  • Autoimmune disorders.
  • Chemotherapy and radiation therapy.
  • Chemicals, like those found in insecticides and pesticides.
  • Medications, like antibiotics and rheumatoid arthritis
  • Certain types of cancer, like large granular lymphocytic leukemia (LGL), lymphoma and multiple myeloma.
  • Autoimmune disorders.
  • Chemotherapy and radiation therapy.
  • Medications, like antibiotics and rheumatoid arthritis.
  • Chemicals, like those found in insecticides and pesticides.
  • Certain types of cancer, like large granular lymphocytic leukemia (LGL), lymphoma and multiple myeloma.

Bone marrow failure can also be treated with stem cell transplant. Otherwise known as a bone marrow transplant, a stem cell transplant involves is the infusion of healthy blood stem cells into the body to stimulate new bone marrow growth and restore production of healthy blood cells.

How is it diagnosed?

How is it diagnosed?

A stem cell transplant, also called a bone marrow transplant, is generally the treatment of choice for people who are younger and have a matching donor — most often a sibling. If a donor is found, your diseased bone marrow is first depleted with radiation or chemotherapy.

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How is it treated?

Treatment for acute myeloid leukemia is vital. It varies with the patient and stage of the disease. Treatment options include

A stem cell transplant, also called a bone marrow transplant, is generally the treatment of choice for people who are younger and have a matching donor — most often a sibling. If a donor is found, your diseased bone marrow is first depleted with radiation or chemotherapy.

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