Botulism

Acute

What is Botulism?

Botulism (“BOT-choo-liz-um”) is a rare but serious illness caused by a toxin that attacks the body's nerves and causes difficulty breathing, muscle paralysis, and even death. This toxin is made by Clostridium botulinum and sometimes Clostridium butyricum and Clostridium baratii bacteria.

  • Trouble swallowing or speaking.
  • Dry mouth.
  • Facial weakness on both sides of the face.
  • Blurred or double vision.
  • Drooping eyelids.
  • Trouble breathing.
  • Nausea, vomiting and stomach cramps.
  • Paralysis.

Botulism also can weaken the muscles involved in breathing, which can lead to difficulty breathing and even death. If you or someone you know has symptoms of botulism, see your doctor or go to the emergency room immediately. Sometimes a wound can get infected with C. botulinum.

Botulinum toxins are ingested through improperly processed food in which the bacteria or the spores survive, then grow and produce the toxins. Though mainly a foodborne intoxication, human botulism can also be caused by intestinal infection with C. botulinum in infants, wound infections, and by inhalation.

  • Refrigerating leftovers promptly.
  • Using foods that are stored in oil within 10 days of opening.
  • Keeping foods stored in oil, like vegetables and herbs, in the fridge.
  • Making sure products marked 'keep refrigerated' are kept in the fridge.

People who inject certain drugs, such as black tar heroin, put themselves at greater risk of getting wound botulism. People who drink certain kinds of alcohol they make themselves, such as prisoners who drink “pruno” or “hooch” made in prisons, put themselves at greater risk of getting foodborne botulism.

How is it diagnosed?

How is it diagnosed?

Doctors treat botulism with a drug called an antitoxin, which prevents the toxin from causing any more harm. Antitoxin does not heal the damage the toxin has already done. Depending on how severe your symptoms are, you may need to stay in the hospital for weeks or even months before you are well enough to go home.

How is it treated?

Treatment for acute myeloid leukemia is vital. It varies with the patient and stage of the disease. Treatment options include

For cases of foodborne botulism, health care providers sometimes clear out the digestive system by causing vomiting and giving drugs to help you move your bowels. If you have wound botulism, a provider may need to remove infected tissue in a surgery.

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