Cancer (Clinical Hematology)

Acute

What is Cancer?

Cancer is a disease caused when cells divide uncontrollably and spread into surrounding tissues. Cancer is caused by changes to DNA. Most cancer-causing DNA changes occur in sections of DNA called genes.

  • Fatigue. ...
  • Unexplained bleeding or bruising. ...
  • Unexplained pain or ache. ...
  • Unexplained weight loss. ...
  • Unusual lump or swelling anywhere.
  • Very heavy night sweats or fever. Sweating at night or having a high temperature (fever) can be caused by infections or a side effect of certain medications. ...
  • Fatigue. ...
  • Difficulty breathing. ...
  • Nausea. ...
  • Diarrhea or constipation. ...
  • Weight loss. ...
  • Chemical changes in your body. ...
  • Brain and nervous system problems.
  • Pain. Pain can be caused by cancer or by cancer treatment, though not all cancer is painful. ...
  • Radiation
  • Alcohol
  • Asbestos
  • Carcinogens
  • Genetics
  • Hereditary cancers
  • Hormones
  • Obesity
  • Tobacco smoking
  • Aging.
  • Using tobacco.
  • Alcohol use.
  • Exposure to specific chemicals.
  • A personal or family history of cancer.
  • Carrying too much weight, known as being overweight or obese.
  • Some types of viral infections, such as human papillomavirus (HPV) and the hepatitis virus.

 

Cancer prevention is action taken to lower the risk of getting cancer. This can include maintaining a healthy lifestyle, avoiding exposure to known cancer-causing substances, and taking medicines or vaccines that can prevent cancer from developing.

How is it diagnosed?

How is it diagnosed?
  • Biomarker Testing for Cancer Treatment. ...
  • Chemotherapy. ...
  • Hormone Therapy. ...
  • Hyperthermia. ...
  • Immunotherapy. ...
  • Photodynamic Therapy. ...
  • Radiation Therapy. ...
  • Stem Cell Transplant.

How is it treated?

Treatment for acute myeloid leukemia is vital. It varies with the patient and stage of the disease. Treatment options include

  • Surgery: An operation where doctors cut out tissue with cancer cells.
  • Chemotherapy: Special medicines that shrink or kill cancer cells that we cannot see.
  • Radiation therapy: Using high-energy rays (similar to X-rays) to kill cancer cells.

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