Cervical Cancer

Cervical Cancer

What is Cervical Cancer?

Cervical cancer is cancer that starts in the cells of the cervix. The cervix is the lower, narrow end of the uterus (womb). The cervix connects the uterus to the vagina (birth canal). Cervical cancer usually develops slowly over time.

  • Vaginal bleeding after sex.
  • Vaginal bleeding after menopause.
  • Vaginal bleeding between periods or periods that are heavier or longer than normal.
  • Vaginal discharge that is watery and has a strong odor or that contains blood.
  • Pelvic pain or pain during sex.

Complications associated with cervical cancer can range from the relatively minor, such as minor bleeding from the vagina or having to urinate frequently, to life-threatening, such as severe bleeding or kidney failure.

Long-lasting infection with certain types of human papillomavirus (HPV) is the main cause of cervical cancer. HPV is a common virus that is passed from one person to another during sex. At least half of sexually active people will have HPV at some point in their lives, but few will get cervical cancer.

  • Immune system deficiency.
  • Herpes.
  • Smoking.
  • Age.
  • Socioeconomic factors.
  • Oral contraceptives.
  • Exposure to diethylstilbestrol (DES).

The most important things you can do to help prevent cervical cancer are to get vaccinated against HPV, have regular screening tests, and go back to the doctor if your screening test results are not normal.

How is it diagnosed?

How is it diagnosed?

Cervical cancer treatments include surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy. If your doctor says that you have cervical cancer, ask to be referred to a gynecologic oncologist—a doctor who has been trained to treat gynecologic cancers, including cervical cancer.

How is it treated?

Treatment for acute myeloid leukemia is vital. It varies with the patient and stage of the disease. Treatment options include

Cold knife conization uses a scalpel to remove a cone-shaped piece of tissue from the cervix and cervical canal. Sometimes all the cancer can be removed during this procedure. Cold knife conization is done in the hospital under general anesthesia. Conization may also be used to treat high-grade cervical cell changes.

 

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