Childhood Cancers

Childhood Cancers

What is Childhood Cancers?

The most common types of cancer diagnosed in children ages 0 to 14 years are leukemias, brain and other central nervous system (CNS) tumors, and lymphomas. NCI's Cancer Stat Facts include detailed cancer rate and trend information for certain types of childhood cancer.

  • An unusual lump or swelling.
  • Limping.
  • Unexplained paleness and loss of energy.
  • Easy bruising or bleeding.
  • An ongoing pain in one area of the body.
  • Unexplained fever or illness that doesn't go away.
  • Frequent headaches, often with vomiting.
  • Sudden eye or vision changes.

Reproductive, sexual development, and sexual function problems after childhood cancer. There is a higher risk of developing reproductive, sexual development, and sexual function problems after certain cancer treatments. Infertility is one possible side effect of certain treatments.

In children, a genetic condition, such as Down syndrome, can sometimes increase the risk of cancer. Kids who have had chemotherapy or radiation treatment for cancer are more likely to get cancer again. But most cases of childhood cancer happen because of random mutations (changes) in the genes of growing cells.

  • Known risk factors. These include:
  • Medical conditions.
  • Genetics.
  • Problems with development in the womb.
  • Exposure to infections.
  • Exposure to radiation.
  • Previous cancer treatments.
  • Eat healthy. Encourage healthy diet habits for your children.
  • Exercise.
  • Protect against the sun.
  • Do not smoke or use other forms of tobacco.
  • Stay away from alcohol and drugs.
  • Stay up to date on vaccinations.
  • Adopt safe sexual practices.

How is it diagnosed?

How is it diagnosed?

There are many types of cancer treatment. The types of treatment that a child with cancer receives will depend on the type of cancer and how advanced it is. Common treatments include: surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, immunotherapy, and stem cell transplant.

How is it treated?

Treatment for acute myeloid leukemia is vital. It varies with the patient and stage of the disease. Treatment options include

The types of treatment that a child with cancer receives will depend on the type of cancer and how advanced it is. Common treatments include: surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, immunotherapy, and stem cell transplant. Learn about these and other therapies in our Types of Treatment section.

 

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