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Cystic Fibrosis ( Respiratory Medicine )

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Acute

What is Cystic Fibrosis(CF)?

Cystic Fibrosis(CF) is a genetic condition that affects a protein in the body. People who have cystic fibrosis have a faulty protein that affects the body's cells, its tissues, and the glands that make mucus and sweat. Normal mucus is slippery and protects the airways, digestive tract, and other organs and tissues.

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  • Chronic coughing (dry or coughing up mucus)
  • Recurring chest colds
  • Wheezing or shortness of breath
  • Frequent sinus infections
  • Very salty-tasting skin
  • Lung infections and other serious lung problems that don't go away or that come back
  • Inflammation of the pancreas (pancreatitis) that doesn't go away or that comes back
  • Cirrhosis or liver disease
  • Vitamin deficiencies
  • Failure to thrive
  • Infertility in males

Cystic fibrosis affects the cells that produce mucus, sweat and digestive juices. It causes these fluids to become thick and sticky. They then plug up tubes, ducts and passageways. Symptoms vary and can include cough, repeated lung infections, inability to gain weight and fatty stools. Treatments may ease symptoms and reduce complications. Newborn screening helps with early diagnosis

At this time, preventing CF is not possible. In babies with two abnor mal CF genes, the disease is already present at birth in some organs, such as the pancreas and liver, but develops only after birth in the lungs. Someday, gene therapy may be used to prevent the lung disease from developing.

The greatest risk factor for cystic fibrosis is a family history of the disease, especially if either parent is a known carrier. The gene that causes cystic fibrosis is recessive. This means that in order to have cystic fibrosis, children must inherit two copies of the gene, one from each parent.p>

How is it diagnosed?

How is it diagnosed?
  • Antibiotics to prevent and treat chest infections
  • Medicines to make the mucus in the lungs thinner and easier to cough up
  • Medicines to widen the airways and reduce inflammation
  • Special techniques and devices to help clear mucus from the lungs
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How is it treated?

Treatment for acute myeloid leukemia is vital. It varies with the patient and stage of the disease. Treatment options include

  • Oxygen therapy
  • Noninvasive ventilation
  • Feeding tube
  • Bowel surgery
  • Lung transplant
  • Liver transplant

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