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Enteroviruses

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enteroviruses

What is Enteroviruses?

Enteroviruses are shed in respiratory secretions and stool and sometimes are present in the blood and cerebrospinal fluid of infected patients. Infection is usually transmitted by direct contact with respiratory secretions or stool but can be transmitted by contaminated environmental sources

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Symptoms of enterovirus infections include fever, headache, respiratory illness, and sore throat and sometimes mouth sores or a rash. Doctors base the diagnosis on symptoms and on examination of the skin and mouth. Treatment of enterovirus infections is aimed at relieving symptoms.

Complications of enteroviral infections include the development of secondary infections, progression to persistent or chronic disease, irreversible paralysis, destruction of lung tissue, and exacerbation of underlying diseases.

Enterovirus is a genus of positive-sense single-stranded RNA viruses associated with several human and mammalian diseases. Enteroviruses are named by their transmission-route through the intestine. Serologic studies have distinguished 71 human enterovirus serotypes on the basis of antibody neutralization tests.

Wash your hands often with soap and water for 20 seconds. See Handwashing: Clean Hands Save Lives. Avoid touching your eyes, nose, and mouth with unwashed hands. Avoid close contact such as kissing, hugging, and sharing cups or eating utensils with people who are sick, and when you are sick.

Infections with non-polio enteroviruses are common in the United States during summer and fall. One of the biggest risk factors for infection is being an infant, child or adolescent, because most adults have been previously infected and have acquired immunity to enteroviruses.

How is it diagnosed?

How is it diagnosed?

There is no specific treatment for non-polio enterovirus infection. People with mild illness caused by non-polio enterovirus infection typically only need to treat their symptoms. This includes drinking enough water to stay hydrated and taking over-the-counter cold medications as needed. Most people recover completely.

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How is it treated?

Treatment for acute myeloid leukemia is vital. It varies with the patient and stage of the disease. Treatment options include

Nowadays, molecular biology techniques allow the use of very sensitive and specific reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) procedures to detect enteroviruses.

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