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Exercise-Induced Anaphylaxis

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What is Exercise-Induced Anaphylaxis?

Exercise-induced anaphylaxis (EIA) is a rare disorder in which individuals develop immunoglobulin E (IgE)–mediated hypersensitivity in conjunction with exercise, causing anaphylaxis. The lifetime prevalence of EIA is about 0.05%

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The symptoms may include pruritus, hives, flushing, wheezing, and GI involvement, including nausea, abdominal cramping, and diarrhea. If physical activity continues, patients may progress to more severe symptoms, including angioedema, laryngeal edema, hypotension, and, ultimately, cardiovascular collapse.

  • Urticaria and angioedema.
  • Nausea and vomiting.
  • Respiratory difficulty due to airway constriction.
  • Hypotension (shock).

Peanuts, shellfish, tomatoes, corn, and wheat are associated with exercise-induced anaphylaxis, although any food can be a trigger.

Patients with exercise-induced anaphylaxis should not avoid exertion; however, they should avoid their relevant co-triggers/co-factors (foods, ethanol, NSAIDs, cold water or cold air, and high pollen counts). If none can be identified, they should have a trial of fasting for 4 to 6 hours before exertion.

How to Prevent Exercise-Induced Anaphylaxis. You should identify and avoid known allergy triggers. Avoid exercising during peak allergy times or in high temperatures and humidity. Read food labels carefully to avoid potential food allergens.

How is it diagnosed?

How is it diagnosed?

Symptoms include pruritus, cough, chest tightness, angioedema, urticaria, wheezing, and gastrointestinal complaints. Treatment of EIA and FDEIA involves the same emergent care as for other causes of anaphylaxis (epinephrine, antihistamines, H1 and H2 blockers, inhaled bronchodilators, and steroids as needed).

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How is it treated?

Treatment for acute myeloid leukemia is vital. It varies with the patient and stage of the disease. Treatment options include

If you think you might have exercise-induced anaphylaxis, see your GP and ask for a referral to an allergy clinic. Once diagnosed, always carry two adrenaline auto-injectors (AAIs). If you have any symptoms of an allergic reaction, stop exercising immediately and rest.

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