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Glomerulonephritis and Glomerular Diseases

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Acute

What is Glomerulonephritis and Glomerular Diseases?

Glomerulonephritis (gloe-MER-u-loe-nuh-FRY-tis) is inflammation of the tiny filters in the kidneys (glomeruli). The excess fluid and waste that glomeruli (gloe-MER-u-lie) remove from the bloodstream exit the body as urine. Glomerulonephritis can come on suddenly (acute) or gradually (chronic).

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  • Fatigue.
  • High blood pressure.
  • Swelling of the face, hands, feet, and belly.
  • Blood and protein in the urine (hematuria and proteinuria)
  • Decreased urine output.
  • Acute kidney failure. Acute kidney failure is the sudden, rapid decline in kidney function, often associated with an infectious cause of glomerulonephritis.
  • Chronic kidney disease.
  • High blood pressure.
  • Nephrotic syndrome.
  • Toxins or medicines.
  • Viral infections, such as HIV, hepatitis B and C viruses.
  • IgA nephropathy.
  • Lupus-related kidney inflammation.
  • Bacterial infections that commonly cause throat and skin infections, such as strep or staph bacteria.

The following are known risk factors: A personal or family history of kidney disease. Taking certain medications. Exposure to specific toxins. Having certain viral infections (like strep) or bacterial infections (bacterial endocarditis

To prevent infections that can lead to some forms of glomerulonephritis, such as HIV and hepatitis, follow safe-sex guidelines and avoid intravenous drug use. Control high blood pressure, which lessens the likelihood of damage to your kidneys from hypertension.

How is it diagnosed?

How is it diagnosed?

If the cause is due to infection, antibiotics can treat the infection. At other times, your healthcare provider may recommend: Changes to your diet so that you eat less protein and salt, which put extra strain on your kidneys. Immunosuppressants, if a problem with your immune system causes glomerulonephritis.

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How is it treated?

Treatment for acute myeloid leukemia is vital. It varies with the patient and stage of the disease. Treatment options include

  • Urinalysis. This test checks urine for red and white blood cells, infection, or too much protein.
  • Blood tests. Tests to measure the levels of waste products to find out how well the kidneys are filtering.
  • Ultrasound of the kidney.
  • Kidney biopsy.

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