Kidney - Wilms Tumor

Acute

What is Kidney - Wilms Tumor?

Wilms tumor, or nephroblastoma, is the most common renal cancer in the pediatric age group. [1][2] It is also the most common pediatric abdominal cancer and the fourth most common pediatric cancer overall. Wilms tumor is typically found in children younger than five years old.

There are a number of symptoms of Kidney - Wilms Tumor, which may include
  • Abdominal pain
  • Constipation
  • Fatigue
  • High blood pressure (hypertension)
  • Large swollen veins across the abdomen
  • Blood in the urine (hematuria)
Complications

Spread of the tumor to the lungs, lymph nodes, liver, bone, or brain is the most worrisome complication. High blood pressure and kidney damage may occur as the result of the tumor or its treatment. Removal of WT from both kidneys may affect kidney function.

Causes

Most of the time, Wilms tumor is caused by a gene change (mutation). The gene change causes the kidney cells to develop into a tumor. Doctors don't know why these gene changes happen. Wilms tumor usually happens in kids who are otherwise healthy.

Prevention

Wilms tumor can't be prevented. If a child has any of the conditions that increase the risk for Wilms tumor, a health care provider might suggest doing kidney ultrasounds at times to look for anything unusual in the kidneys

Risk Factors

Most often, the risk of a Wilms tumor is not inherited, but there can be genetic reasons for the tumor's development. Genetic changes. Children may have a mutated (changed), damaged, or missing gene. This change can also cause other birth defects.

How is it diagnosed?

How is it diagnosed?

Treatment for Wilms tumor usually involves surgery and chemotherapy. It sometimes includes radiation therapy. Treatments depend on the stage of the cancer. Because this type of cancer is rare, a children's cancer center that has treated this type of cancer might be a good choice.

How is it treated?

Treatment for acute myeloid leukemia is vital. It varies with the patient and stage of the disease. Treatment options include

Removing part of the kidney. Known as a partial nephrectomy, this involves removing the tumor and a small part of the kidney around it. This might be done if the cancer is very small or for a child who has only one working kidney.

 

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