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Melanoma

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Acute

What is Melanoma?

Melanoma is a form of skin cancer that develops in cells called melanocytes. They make melanin, the pigment found in the skin. Although melanoma represents less than 5 percent of the skin cancer cases diagnosed in the United States each year, it results in the most deaths.

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  • Changing mole.
  • Spot that looks like a new mole, freckle, or age spot, but it looks different from the others on your skin.
  • Spot that has a jagged border, more than one color, and is growing.
  • Dome-shaped growth that feels firm and may look like a sore, which may bleed.
  • Secondary infection - resulting from disruption of the normal skin barrier.
  • Scarring - these can result from the lesion itself or treatments.
  • Lymphedema - most commonly occurs secondary to the removal of lymph nodes but can result from cancer alone.

Melanoma risk increases with exposure to UV radiation from the sun or other sources such as solariums, particularly with episodes of sunburn (especially during childhood). Melanoma risk is increased for people who have: unprotected UV radiation exposure. a history of childhood tanning and sunburn.

  • Indoor tanning.
  • Moles.
  • Fair skin.
  • Family history.
  • Familial melanoma.
  • Other inherited conditions.
  • Previous skin cancer.
  • Sun exposure. Exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun plays a major role in the development of skin cancer.
  • Avoid tanning lamps and beds. Tanning lamps and beds give off ultraviolet light, also called UV light.
  • Avoid the sun during the middle of the day.
  • Become familiar with your skin so that you'll notice changes.
  • Wear protective clothing.
  • Wear sunscreen year-round.

How is it diagnosed?

How is it diagnosed?

It is usually treated by surgery (wide excision) to remove the melanoma and a small margin of normal skin around it. The removed sample is then sent to a lab to be looked at with a microscope. If cancer cells are seen at the edges of the sample, a second, wider excision of the area may be done.

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How is it treated?

Treatment for acute myeloid leukemia is vital. It varies with the patient and stage of the disease. Treatment options include

  • Surgery to remove the tumor and some of the normal tissue around it. Sometimes lymph node mapping and removal of lymph nodes is also done.
  • A clinical trial of new ways to find cancer cells in the lymph nodes.

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