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Melanomas and Skin Cancer (Surgical Oncology)

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Acute

What is Melanomas and Skin Cancer?

Melanomas most often develop in areas that have had exposure to the sun. This includes the arms, back, face and legs. Melanomas also can happen in areas that aren't as exposed to the sun. This includes the soles of the feet, palms of the hands and fingernail beds.

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  • Changes in size.
  • Changes in symptoms.
  • Unusual border.
  • Changes in color. Look for growths that have many colors or unusual color patterns.
  • Asymmetrical shape. Look for moles with unusual shapes, such as two very different-looking halves.

Complications can include: Secondary infection - resulting from disruption of the normal skin barrier. Scarring - these can result from the lesion itself or treatments. Lymphedema - most commonly occurs secondary to the removal of lymph nodes but can result from cancer alone.

Melanoma risk increases with exposure to UV radiation from the sun or other sources such as solariums, particularly with episodes of sunburn (especially during childhood). Melanoma risk is increased for people who have: unprotected UV radiation exposure. a history of childhood tanning and sunburn.

Limiting exposure to UV light can help reduce the risk of melanoma. The risk of melanoma seems to be increasing in people under 40, especially women. Knowing the symptoms of skin cancer can help ensure that cancerous changes are detected and treated before the cancer has spread.

The ultraviolet light, also called UV light, that comes from the sun and from tanning lights and beds increases the risk of skin cancer, including melanoma. Having many moles or moles that aren't typical. Having more than 50 typical moles on your body indicates an increased risk of melanoma.

How is it treated?

Surgery is the main treatment for melanoma. Radiotherapy, medicines and chemotherapy are also sometimes used. The specialist care team looking after you will: explain the treatments, benefits and side effects.

Treatment for melanoma usually includes surgery to remove the melanoma. A very thin melanoma may be removed entirely during the biopsy and require no further treatment. Otherwise, your surgeon will remove the cancer as well as some of the healthy tissue around it.

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