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Mononucleosis

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Acute

What is Mononucleosis?

Infectious mononucleosis, also known as "mono" or the "kissing disease," is an infection that typically causes fever, sore throat, fatigue, and/or enlarged lymph nodes in the neck. It most commonly occurs in adolescents and young adults. In general, mononucleosis is not considered a serious illness

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  • Fatigue.
  • Fever.
  • Headache.
  • Skin rash.
  • Swollen tonsils.
  • Soft, swollen spleen.
  • Swollen lymph nodes in your neck and armpits.
  • Sore throat, perhaps misdiagnosed as strep throat, that doesn't get better after treatment with antibiotics.
  • Ruptured spleen.
  • Kidney inflammation.
  • Haemolytic anaemia.
  • Heart rhythm problems.
  • Obstruction of the upper airways.
  • Inflammation of the heart muscle.
  • Nervous system problems, such as encephalitis, meningitis, and other conditions.

Infectious mononucleosis is caused by the Epstein-Barr virus. In teenagers and young adults, there is frequently a sore throat and red tonsils with whitish spots (exudate), as seen in this picture. Enlarged lymph nodes and fatigue are also common.

  • Coughing or sneezing.
  • Sharing food, drinks or utensils.
  • Kissing.

There is no vaccine to prevent mono. The best way to prevent mono is to stay away from people who are infected. Avoid kissing anyone with mono or sharing drinks, foods or personal items like toothbrushes. Wash hands well and often.

How is it diagnosed?

How is it diagnosed?

Mono symptoms usually go away on their own after a few weeks. The best treatment is getting plenty of rest, drinking lots of liquids and eating healthy. You may give acetaminophen (Tylenol®) or ibuprofen (Motrin®) for sore throat, muscle aches or fever.

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How is it treated?

Treatment for acute myeloid leukemia is vital. It varies with the patient and stage of the disease. Treatment options include

There's no specific therapy available to treat infectious mononucleosis. Antibiotics don't work against viral infections such as mono. Treatment mainly involves taking care of yourself, such as getting enough rest, eating a healthy diet and drinking plenty of fluids.

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