Myelodysplastic Syndromes

Acute

What is Myelodysplastic Syndromes?

Myelodysplastic syndromes are a group of cancers in which immature blood cells in the bone marrow do not mature or become healthy blood cells. The different types of myelodysplastic syndromes are diagnosed based on certain changes in the blood cells and bone marrow.

Symptoms vary from person to person, depending on which blood cells are affected. The main symptoms of MDS are: anaemia - this can make you feel very tired, weak and breathless. bruising and bleeding easily

  • Increased risk of cancer.
  • Bleeding that won't stop.
  • Anemia. Reduced numbers of red blood cells can cause anemia, which can make you feel tired.
  • Recurrent infections. Having too few white blood cells increases your risk of serious infections.

Most myelodysplastic syndromes have no known cause. Others are caused by exposure to cancer treatments, such as chemotherapy and radiation, or to toxic chemicals, such as benzene.

Men develop MDS more often than women. Exposure to environmental/occupational hazards. Long-term exposure to benzene, tobacco smoke, insecticides, and other toxins may increase the risk of developing MDS. Previous chemotherapy or radiation treatment.

Avoiding exposure to radiation or certain chemicalsAvoiding known cancer-causing industrial chemicals, such as benzene, might lower your risk of developing MDS. Treating cancer with radiation and certain chemotherapy drugs can increase the risk of MDS.

How is it diagnosed?

How is it diagnosed?

Treatment for myelodysplastic syndromes includes supportive care, drug therapy, and stem cell transplantation. Patients with a myelodysplastic syndrome who have symptoms caused by low blood counts are given supportive care to relieve symptoms and improve quality of life.

How is it treated?

Treatment for acute myeloid leukemia is vital. It varies with the patient and stage of the disease. Treatment options include

This procedure is also called a stem cell transplant or hematopoietic stem cell transplant. There are 2 types of stem cell transplantation depending on the source of the replacement blood stem cells: allogeneic (ALLO) and autologous (AUTO).

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