Myeloproliferative Neoplasm (Paediatric Hemato Oncology)

Acute
Malignant Hematology

What is Myeloproliferative Neoplasm?

Myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) are rare, potentially life-threatening blood cancers that happen when your bone marrow makes too many blood cells. Blood cells include red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets. They’re made in the spongy tissue inside of your bones. With a myeloproliferative neoplasm, something goes wrong in the blood cell production process.

What are myeloproliferative neoplasm symptoms?

You likely won’t notice symptoms in the early stages. As your condition progresses, you may notice signs of an enlarged spleen (splenomegaly). Splenomegaly feels like fullness, pressure or discomfort below your ribs on your left side, where your spleen is located. While splenomegaly is a common symptom of most myeloproliferative neoplasms, it’s a less common symptom of essential thrombocytopenia.

Other symptoms depend on the specific myeloproliferative neoplasm.

Chronic myelogenous leukemia and chronic neutrophilic leukemia

Symptoms may include:

  • Bone pain.
  • Night sweats.
  • Fever and fatigue.
  • Bruising easily.
  • Loss of appetite and weight loss.

Essential thrombocythemia

Symptoms may include:

  • Bruising easily.
  • Unexplained bruising or bleeding from your nose, mouth and gums.
  • Bleeding from your stomach or intestines.
  • Blood in your pee.

Polycythemia vera

Symptoms may include:

  • Headaches
  • Dizziness
  • Fatigue
  • Blurred or double vision

Primary myelofibrosis

You may experience symptoms of anemia (fatigue, weakness, shortness of breath). Other signs and symptoms may include:

  • Pale skin
  • Night sweats
  • Fevers
  • Itchy skin
  • Abdominal fullness or filling up right away when you eat (early satiety)
  • Weight loss
  • Bone pain

How is it diagnosed?

How is it diagnosed?

How are myeloproliferative neoplasms diagnosed?

  • Complete blood count (CBC)
  • Peripheral blood smear (PBS)
  • Bone marrow biopsy
  • Genetic testing

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