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Ovarian Cysts

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ovarian-ccysts

What is Ovarian cysts?

Ovarian cysts are fluid-filled structures that may be simple or complex. They are common findings usually discovered incidentally on physical examination or imaging. Ovarian cysts can cause complications, including rupture, hemorrhage, and torsion, which are considered gynecological emergencies

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  • pain during sex.
  • difficulty emptying your bowels.
  • a frequent need to urinate.
  • bloating and a swollen tummy.
  • heavy periods, irregular periods or lighter periods than normal.
  • pelvic pain – this can range from a dull, heavy sensation to a sudden, severe and sharp pain.

Ovarian cysts can cause complications, including rupture, hemorrhage, and torsion, which are considered gynecological emergencies. Therefore, it is essential to promptly diagnose and treat them to avoid high morbidity and mortality.

The follicle contains fluid that protects the egg as it grows, and it bursts when the egg is released. But sometimes a follicle does not release an egg, or does not discharge its fluid and shrink after the egg is released. If this happens, the follicle can swell and become a cyst.

  • Endometriosis.
  • Severe pelvic infection.
  • Previous ovarian cysts.
  • Pregnancy. Sometimes, the follicle that forms when you ovulate stays on your ovary throughout pregnancy.
  • Hormonal problems. These include taking a fertility drug that causes you to ovulate, for example clomiphene or letrozole (Femara).

Some types of ovarian cysts are more likely to recur than others. These include endometriomas and functional ovarian cysts. If you still have monthly periods and are concerned about recurrent cysts, taking birth control pills or another hormonal form of birth control may help to prevent ovarian cysts from developing

How is it diagnosed?

How is it diagnosed?

Some cysts can be removed without removing the ovary (cystectomy). In some cases, the ovary with the cyst is removed (oophorectomy). Surgery can often be done using minimally invasive surgery (laparoscopy) with a laparoscope and instruments inserted through small cuts in your abdomen

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How is it treated?

Treatment for acute myeloid leukemia is vital. It varies with the patient and stage of the disease. Treatment options include

In some cases, the ovary with the cyst is removed (oophorectomy). Surgery can often be done using minimally invasive surgery (laparoscopy) with a laparoscope and instruments inserted through small cuts in your abdomen. If the cyst is large or cancer is a concern, an open procedure using a larger cut may be needed

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