Pemphigus

Acute

What exactly is Pemphigus ?

Pemphigus is a disease that causes blistering of the skin and the inside of the mouth, nose, throat, eyes, and genitals. The disease is rare in the United States. Pemphigus is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks cells in the top layer of the skin (epidermis) and the mucous membranes.

  • Pemphigus vulgaris. This type usually begins with blisters in your mouth and then on your skin or genital mucous membranes. The blisters typically are painful but don't itch
  • Pemphigus foliaceus. This type causes blisters on the chest, back and shoulders. The blisters tend to be more itchy than painful.
  • Infection of your skin.
  • Infection that spreads to your bloodstream (sepsis).
  • Malnutrition, because painful mouth sores make it difficult to eat.
  • Medication side effects, such as high blood pressure and infection.
  • Swelling in the arms, legs, or genitals.
  • Death, if certain types of pemphigus are left untreated.

Pemphigus vulgaris is caused by a problem with the immune system, which is the body's defence against infection. Instead of attacking germs, something goes wrong with the immune system and it attacks the skin by mistake. This damages the skin and causes blisters to appear. It's not clear why this happens.

  • Try NOT to injure your skin.
  • Take precautions to avoid infections.
  • Understand that it can take time to get pemphigus under control.
  • Try to remain calm.
  • Take care of mouth sores.
  • Tell your dermatologist about eye problems.
  • Ethnic background. While pemphigus occurs across ethnic and racial groups, some populations are at greater risk for certain types of the disease.
  • Geographic location.
  • Sex and age.
  • Genes.
  • Medications.
  • Cancer.

How is it diagnosed?

How is it diagnosed?

Corticosteroid: If you have mild pemphigus, your dermatologist may prescribe a corticosteroid that you apply to your skin. Many people need stronger medicine like prednisone or methylprednisolone. These corticosteroids work throughout the body. A corticosteroid can clear the blisters and sores.

How is it treated?

Treatment for acute myeloid leukemia is vital. It varies with the patient and stage of the disease. Treatment options include

  • Better oral health care. Blistering may affect the health of your mouth.
  • Prednisone and steroid creams may be prescribed to treat the inflammation.
  • Immune suppressants.
  • Plasmapheresis or intravenous immunoglobulin.

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