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Scarlet Fever

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Acute

What is Scarlet Fever?

Scarlet fever is a bacterial illness that develops in some people who have strep throat. Also known as scarlatina, scarlet fever features a bright red rash that covers most of the body. Scarlet fever almost always includes a sore throat and a high fever

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  • Fever of 100.4 F (38.0 C) or higher, often with chills.
  • Very sore and red throat, sometimes with white or yellowish patches.
  • Difficulty swallowing.
  • Enlarged glands in the neck (lymph nodes) that are tender to the touch.
  • Nausea or vomiting.
  • Belly (abdominal) pain.
  • Headache and body aches.
  • Swollen lymph nodes in the neck.
  • Ear, sinus, and skin infections.
  • Pneumonia (lung infection).
  • Rheumatic fever (a disease that can affect the heart, joints, brain, and skin).
  • Post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis (a kidney disease).

Bacteria called group A Streptococcus (group A strep) cause scarlet fever. These bacteria are also the cause of strep throat. The bacteria sometimes make a toxin (poison), which causes a rash — the “scarlet” of scarlet fever.

The most common risk factor is close contact with another person with scarlet fever. Crowding, such as found in schools, military training facilities, and daycare centers, increases the risk of disease spread.

While there is no vaccine to prevent scarlet fever, there are things people can do to protect themselves and others. Wash your hands often to help prevent germs from spreading.

How is it diagnosed?

How is it diagnosed?

Antibiotics. Scarlet fever is usually treated with a 10-day course of antibiotics. This is often in the form of penicillin or amoxicillin tablets, although liquid may be used for young children. For people who are allergic to penicillin, alternative antibiotics like erythromycin can be used instead.

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How is it treated?

Treatment for acute myeloid leukemia is vital. It varies with the patient and stage of the disease. Treatment options include

For scarlet fever, your health care provider will prescribe an antibiotic. Make sure your child takes all of the medication as directed. If your child doesn't follow the treatment guidelines, treatment may not completely eliminate the infection, which can increase your child's risk of developing complications.

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