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Scleritis

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Acute

What is Scleritis?

Scleritis is severe, destructive, vision-threatening inflammation. Symptoms include deep, boring ache; photophobia and tearing; and focal or diffuse eye redness. Diagnosis is made clinically and by slit-lamp examination.

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  • Eye pain or tenderness.
  • Redness and swelling of the sclera.
  • Blurred vision.
  • Frequent tearing.

Complications are frequent and include peripheral keratitis, uveitis, cataract and glaucoma. Central stromal keratitis may also occur in the absence of treatment.

  • Eye infections.
  • Sarcoidosis.
  • Lupus.
  • Sjogren's syndrome.
  • Vasculitis.
  • Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)

Scleritis may be prevented by avoiding eye injuries (for example, by wearing protective eyewear) or by having an associated condition (such as rheumatoid arthritis) well-treated.

  • Rheumatoid Arthritis.
  • Vasculitides, including granulomatosis with polyangiitis (formerly known as Wegener's granulomatosis), polyarteritis nodosa, giant cell arteritis.
  • Seronegative spondyloarthropathies, including ankylosing spondylitis, psoriatic arthritis.
  • Systemic lupus erythematosus.

How is it diagnosed?

How is it diagnosed?
  • Steroid eye drops.
  • Anti-inflammation medications, such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatories or corticosteroids (prednisone).
  • Oral antibiotic or antiviral drugs.
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How is it treated?

Treatment for acute myeloid leukemia is vital. It varies with the patient and stage of the disease. Treatment options include

B-scan ultrasonography and orbital magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) may be used for the detection of posterior scleritis. Ultrasonographic changes include scleral and choroidal thickening, scleral nodules, distended optic nerve sheath, fluid in Tenons capsule, or retinal detachment.

 

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