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Trigeminal Neuralgia

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Acute

What is Trigeminal Neuralgia?

Trigeminal neuralgia is one of the most painful neurological conditions and is often described as a 'lightning bolt' stuck on the face or a stabbing sensation on the face. Indeed, such short-lasting paroxysms of pain occur multiple times throughout the day, debilitating the patient.

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  • Sudden, intense pain, typically on one side of the face.
  • Pain attacks that can last for a few seconds to about two minutes.
  • Numbness or a tingling sensation.

The pain in trigeminal neuralgia is so severe and debilitating that the patients can develop depression if not adequately treated. Patients with severe pain associated with facial twitches can become socially withdrawn due to embarrassment and fear of an impending attack.

Classical trigeminal neuralgia is caused by pressure on the trigeminal nerve close to where it enters the brain stem. The brain stem is the lowest part of the brain that merges with the spinal cord. In most cases the pressure is caused by an artery or vein squashing (compressing) the trigeminal nerve.

Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) affects twice as many women as men, and it's most common in people older than 50. While some cases of TN run in families, most are not hereditary. Having high blood pressure or smoking increases a person's risk of developing TN. Multiple sclerosis is a well known risk factor for developing TN.

Is there any way to prevent trigeminal neuralgia? Unfortunately, trigeminal neuralgia isn't preventable. But you can prevent painful episodes by avoiding certain activities that cause severe, intense pain. There's also nothing to suggest that trigeminal neuralgia is brought on by stress.

How is it diagnosed?

How is it diagnosed?

Treatment consists of supportive therapy to manage symptoms

Treatment consists of medication like anticonvulsants and nerve pain medications, injections and surgery.

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