Neonatology

Paediatrics

What is Neonatology?

In a Neonatology department, a range of procedures is performed to care for newborns, particularly those who are premature or have health complications.

Here are some common procedures

Newborn Screening Tests
- Heel Prick Test - Blood is drawn from the newborn’s heel to screen for metabolic and genetic disorders (e.g., phenylketonuria, congenital hypothyroidism).
- Hearing Screening - Tests to assess the newborn’s hearing ability shortly after birth.
Imaging Studies
- Chest X-ray - Used to evaluate lung conditions, especially in preterm infants or those with respiratory distress.
- Ultrasound - Cranial ultrasound to assess for conditions like intraventricular haemorrhage (IVH) or hydrocephalus.
Blood Tests
- Complete Blood Count (CBC) - Assessing for anaemia, infection, or other haematological issues.
- Blood Gas Analysis - Evaluating oxygen and carbon dioxide levels, as well as acid-base balance, especially in respiratory distress.

Resuscitation
- Neonatal Resuscitation - Providing immediate care to newborns who are not breathing or have low heart rates at birth, using techniques like positive pressure ventilation and chest compressions.
Ventilatory Support
- Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) - A form of respiratory support for infants with breathing difficulties, keeping alveoli open.
- Mechanical Ventilation - For infants requiring more intensive respiratory support due to severe respiratory failure.
Nutritional Support
- Gavage Feeding - Providing nutrition via a tube inserted through the nose or mouth into the stomach for infants who cannot feed orally.
- Total Parenteral Nutrition (TPN) - Providing nutrition intravenously for premature infants unable to tolerate feedings.

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revolutionary procedures

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