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Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation

About the Specialty

The Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation at MGMCH is committed to restoring function, reducing disability, and improving quality of life for individuals with physical impairments. Through a holistic and multidisciplinary approach, the department provides expert evaluation and personalised rehabilitation care to enhance mobility, promote independence, and support recovery.

PMR

We have an expert team of healthcare professionals who are committed to guiding you at every step of your journey of rehabilitation. Our multidisciplinary team is here to support our patients on their path to optimal health. We help our patient recover from surgery, managing a chronic condition, or seeking to improve mobility.

Our commitment to excellence is reflected in the positive outcomes our patients experience, and we take pride in being a trusted partner in your health and wellness.Our state-of-the-art facilities boast the latest in rehabilitation technology, ensuring that you receive the highest standard of care.

From comprehensive rehabilitation care and pain management to specialised PM&R interventions, our department is dedicated to addressing a wide range of physical impairments and functional challenges. We work closely with patients to develop personalised treatment plans that enhance recovery, restore function, and promote independence

HOD Message

HOD Massege

Dr. Sonu Singh

Professor & Head

Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation

PM&R is unique among medical fields in that its area of expertise addresses the function of the whole patient, as compared with a focus on an organ system or systems.

Suffering an acute injury or living with a chronic illness can affect how people move, communicate, and function at home and in the workplace. Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation is centred on patient-focused care, with the goal of maximising mobility, independence, and overall function, helping patients return to their roles in society.

While the need for rehabilitation is growing, modernization of PM and R education in India is needed with a paradigm shift of policies. Awareness in part of the general population and fellow physicians needs to be done. A standard referral protocol for patients to gain access to rehabilitation services, including appropriate sub-specialization expertise at par with developed nations, is the need of the hour.

Specialty Clinics

Brain Injury Rehabilitation

Our team provides comprehensive rehabilitation for individuals with traumatic and acquired brain injuries, focusing on improving function, cognition, mobility, independence, and overall quality of life.

Spinal Cord Injury Rehabilitation

We offer specialised rehabilitation for patients with spinal cord injuries, with emphasis on maximising functional recovery, mobility, self-care, and independence.

Stroke and Spasticity Rehabilitation

Early and targeted rehabilitation is essential after stroke and other neurological conditions. Our clinic focuses on improving motor recovery, reducing spasticity, preventing complications, and enhancing functional independence.

Pain Management and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation

We manage acute and chronic pain conditions through a multidisciplinary approach that may include medications, therapeutic exercise, physical modalities, interventional procedures, and lifestyle modification.

Sports Injury Rehabilitation

Our clinic helps individuals recover from sports-related injuries through pain management, biomechanical correction, functional rehabilitation, and conditioning, with the goal of safe and early return to activity.

Amputee Rehabilitation

We provide comprehensive rehabilitation for individuals with limb loss, including pre-prosthetic training, prosthetic rehabilitation, gait training, and functional retraining to support independence in daily life.

Peripheral Nerve Injury Rehabilitation

Our team offers specialised care for peripheral nerve injuries, focusing on restoring strength, coordination, sensory function, and overall limb performance through advanced rehabilitation strategies.

Pelvic Floor Rehabilitation

We provide specialised rehabilitation for pelvic floor dysfunction, helping improve bladder and bowel control, pelvic stability, pain, and quality of life.

Cardiac and Vascular Rehabilitation

Our programme supports recovery following cardiac and vascular conditions through supervised exercise, risk-factor modification, functional restoration, and lifestyle counselling.

Haemophilia Rehabilitation

We provide rehabilitation tailored to individuals with haemophilia, with attention to joint protection, pain relief, mobility, function, and prevention of long-term musculoskeletal complications.

Cancer Rehabilitation

Cancer rehabilitation focuses on improving strength, endurance, mobility, pain control, and function, while addressing treatment-related complications and enhancing quality of life.

Cerebral Palsy and Pediatric Rehabilitation

We provide rehabilitation for children with cerebral palsy and other developmental, neurological, and musculoskeletal conditions, with the goal of improving function, mobility, participation, and independence.

Arthritis and Rheumatologic Rehabilitation

Comprehensive rehabilitation for patients with rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, and other rheumatologic conditions, focusing on pain relief, joint protection, mobility, function, and quality of life.

Neurorehabilitation Clinic

For patients with neurological disorders such as Parkinson’s disease, multiple sclerosis, Guillain-Barré syndrome, myelopathy, and other disabling neurological conditions.

Spine Rehabilitation Clinic

For neck pain, back pain, disc disorders, postural syndromes, radiculopathy, and other spine-related functional problems.

Prosthetics and Orthotics Clinic

Useful if your department prescribes or trains patients in braces, splints, orthoses, and prosthetic devices.

Electrodiagnostic / EMG Clinic

Very relevant for PM&R if you offer nerve conduction studies and electromyography for diagnostic evaluation of nerve and muscle disorders.

Geriatric Rehabilitation

For elderly individuals with frailty, falls, deconditioning, balance problems, osteoporotic fractures, and functional decline.

Occupational and Hand Rehabilitation

Helpful if your department manages upper-limb injuries, tendon injuries, hand dysfunction, work-related injuries, or return-to-work rehabilitation.

Core Competencies

Patient Well-being

Our dedicated team acknowledges the paramount importance of compassion and precision in fulfilling their roles as healthcare practitioners. Committed to delivering superlative treatment for health concerns and fostering overall health, our team seamlessly collaborates to ensure the zenith of patient care standards.

Medical Proficiency

Our team members possess profound knowledge in advancing biomedical, clinical, and associated sciences. Harnessing this proficiency, they intricately tailor patient care strategies for optimal and bespoke outcomes.

Continuous Advancement

In our relentless pursuit of elevated patient care, our experts thoroughly scrutinize and evaluate each case, endeavoring to discern and implement the most efficacious treatment plans.

Interpersonal and Communicative Prowess

We prioritise the cultivation of robust interpersonal and communication skills among all team members. Effective interaction with patients, their families, and professional peers stands as a cornerstone of our care philosophy.

Exemplary Professionalism

Guided by unwavering ethical principles, our treatment plans are steeped in professionalism. We are devoted to exhibiting sensitivity and reverence to all our patients.

Comprehensive Health Paradigm

Our responsive personnel considers the broader healthcare panorama, resourcefully utilising system assets to deliver top-tier care. We are steadfast in our commitment to excellence in patient care within the expansive framework of healthcare practices.

Diagnostic and Clinical Services

  • Lab studies, medical imaging- X ray, CT scan, MRI, etc.
  • DEXA (BMD) Scan.
  • Musculoskeletal Ultrasound- Stethoscope of a Physiatrist because it is the extension of clinical examination. ...
  • EMG/NCV.
  • Foot Pressure analysis.
  • Gait analysis.
  • Hand held Dynamometer.
  • Goniometry.
PMR
PMR
PMR
PMR

In the process of developing a dynamic biomechanical lab, we have incorporated Dier’s Wireless EMG sensors and Pedoscan in our existing GaitON posture and gait lab.

The compact 2in1-sensor allows the measurement of muscle activity (EMG) as well as the three-dimensional measurement of movement. The wireless data transmission gives a high range of flexibility in application. With this we can examine muscular imbalances, muscular tension or neurological diseases and many other clinical questions.

The foot pressure recording and gait analysis system DIERS pedoscan allows the pressure distribution on the human foot to be captured and displayed quickly and precisely, while standing or while walking. Many clinical issues concerning the objective and quantitative analysis of pressure distribution, pressure peaks, and movement asymmetries as well as the rollover behavior are recorded to help diagnose foot malformations or functional limitations of the lower extremities.

A biomechanical assessment is a specialized evaluation of a person’s movement patterns, joint mobility, and muscle strength to identify any potential issues or imbalances in their body.

With these new additions we will be able to comprehensively assess the biomechanics and document and rectify the existing musculoskeletal imbalances, if any.

Aims and Objectives

Physical medicine and rehabilitation (PM&R), also known as physiatry or rehabilitation medicine, aims to enhance and restore functional ability and quality of life to those with physical impairments or disabilities affecting the brain, spinal cord, nerves, bones, joints, ligaments, muscles, and tendons. Objective of the physiatrist is to maximize patients’ independence in activities of daily living and improve quality of life.

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Treatment(Ailment)

A physical medicine and rehabilitation doctor leads a multidisciplinary rehabilitation team caring for people with a wide variety of conditions including

  • Bone and joint conditions including ligament injuries, bone fractures, arthritis, osteoporosis, carpal tunnel syndrome, scoliosis, back pain, herniated disc, and neck pain
  • Chronic diseases and conditions that limit function or cause pain including birth defects, cancer, diabetes, lung disease, and heart disease
  • Painful conditions including headache, cancer pain, fibromyalgia, painful joints, postherpetic (shingles) pain, and any type of chronic pain
  • Post-surgical recovery including joint repair and replacement surgery, amputation, back surgery, brain or spinal cord surgery, organ transplantation, and heart surgery
  • Spinal cord and brain injuries including concussion, brain haemorrhage, skull fracture, spinal cord compression, and back and neck fracture
  • Trauma including work- and sports-related injuries, falls, crush injuries, severe burns, motor vehicle accidents, and penetrating trauma, such as gunshot and stab wounds.
  • Posture and Biomechanical correction including prescription of Orthoses & Prosthesis to manage various neurological & musculoskeletal conditions secondary to trauma, neurological diseases and various lifestyle postural issues.
  • Neuromuscular and nervous system conditions including stroke, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS, or Lou Gehrig’s disease), neuropathy, pinched nerves, muscular dystrophy, myopathy, cerebral palsy, multiple sclerosis, Guillain-Barré syndrome, post-polio syndrome, and myasthenia gravis
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Procedures

Especially in the inpatient setting, a PMR Specialist provide general medical treatment similar to internal medicine to maintain medical stability and provide secondary prevention of disability. These procedures include

  • EMG (electromyography) : inserting fine needle electrodes in muscles and observing the recorded motor unit potentials when the muscles are activated to help distinguish whether weakness is due to muscle or nerve dysfunction (i.e., myopathy vs. neuropathy).
  • NCS (nerve conduction studies) : use of electrodes to record motor and sensory responses that are propagated by electrical stimuli. This test can help distinguish location of a nervous system lesion (radiculopathy, peripheral neuropathy, motor neuron disease, or neuromuscular junction).
  • Peripheral joint injections : injections to help diagnose and treat bone and soft tissue disorders often seen in orthopedic, rheumatologic, and sports medicine disorders such as knee osteoarthritis, rotator cuff tendinopathy, and epicondylitis.
  • Soft tissue release surgeries : Various soft tissue release surgeries and tendon transfer procedures mostly in pediatric patients with various musculoskeletal and neurological issues.
  • Trigger point injections : lidocaine or dry needling can be used as an adjunct to proper exercise and physical therapy to treat trigger points, thought to be sources of chronic myofascial (soft-tissue) pain.
  • Musculoskeletal ultrasound : ultrasound is now increasingly being used in the outpatient setting to supplement the musculoskeletal evaluation through visualization of the structures. Ultrasound may be used to evaluate for soft tissue abnormalities in commonly examined joints and structures. This technology is also now frequently used to guide injections, as it allows for improved placement of needles for delivery of treatment without exposure to ionizing radiation.
  • Spasticity management : spasticity is a common complication related to CNS injury (e.g., SCI, stroke, cerebral palsy). Physiatrists treat spasticity by using oral antispasticity agents, botulinum toxin injections, phenol injections, and intrathecal baclofen pump management to improve function and decrease pain.
  • Interventional spinal therapeutics : various procedures are being used as pain relieving interventions, often for back pain and discograms, interlaminar and transforaminal epidurals, and radio frequency ablations, spinal cord stimulation, vertebroplasty/kyphoplasty, and intrathecal pump placements. Other procedures performed by some physiatrists include soft tissue release surgery, osteopathic manipulative therapy, prolotherapy, platelet rich plasma injections, and autologous stem cell treatments.

Areas of focus include

  • Neurorehabilitation : Examples : Spinal Cord Injury, Traumatic Brain Injury, Stroke, Multiple Sclerosis, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, Guillain-Barré, Myasthenia Gravis, Parkinson’s Disease
  • Pain medicine : Examples : Chronic Pain Management, Complex Regional Pain Syndrome, Back Pain, Arthritis, Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
  • Neurorehabilitation : Examples : Spinal Cord Injury, Traumatic Brain Injury, Stroke, Multiple Sclerosis, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, Guillain-Barré, Myasthenia Gravis, Parkinson’s Disease
  • Musculoskeletal care : Examples: Osteoarthritis, Osteoporosis, Rheumatoid Arthritis, Inflammatory Myopathies, Fibromyalgia, Spondyloarthropathies, Back Pain and Sacroiliac Joint Dysfunction
  • Sports injuries : Examples: Achilles Tendonitis, Iliotibial Band Syndrome, Turf Toe, Medial & Lateral Epicondylitis, DeQuervain’s Tenosynovitis, Rotator Cuff Pathology, Acromioclavicular Separation, Biceps Tendonitis, Stress Fractures, Concussion
  • Post-operative care : Examples: Joint Replacement, Organ Transplantation, Amputations, Left-Ventricular Assistive Devices, Cardiac / Pulmonary Rehabilitation
  • Paediatric functional and developmental disorders : Examples: Cerebral Palsy, Muscular Dystrophy, Spina Bifida, Down Syndrome
  • Prosthetics and Orthotics : Examples: Gait and Movement Disorders, Assistive Devices and Ambulation Aids, Spinal Orthoses, Neuro-prostheses
  • Specialized rehabilitation : Examples: Fine Arts (music, dance, vocal), Cancer, Cardiac, Burns, Pulmonary, Family Training (for home care), Pelvic Pain, Alternative and Complementary Medicine, Palliative Care

Facilities

Enhancing quality of life after injury and illness

Located across the Mahatma Gandhi Hospital, PMR specialists are perfectly equipped to enhance the recovery process through either short-term or long-term care programs. With several areas dedicated to specific kinds of care, we are able to customize the best plan of care to fit your needs.

  • Brain rehabilitation
  • Spinal Cord Injury Rehabilitation Program
  • Lymphedema and cancer rehabilitation
  • Amputee rehabilitation
  • Work rehabilitation
  • Regenerative medicine and advanced procedures
  • Ultrasound-guided injections
  • Deformity correction and disability management
  • Functional Movement Disorder Program
  • Specialized physical and occupational therapy
  • Therapy service while in the hospital
  • Assistive technology for spinal cord injury
  • Walking assessment in the Motion Analysis Laboratory
  • Functional electrical stimulation
  • Therapy service while in the hospital

Our Associated Doctors

Management Team
Dr. Sonu Singh

Professor & Head

Experience18 years

QualificationMBBS, MD (Physical Medicine & Rehabilitaion)

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Management Team
Dr. Juhika Kaur

Assistant Professor

Experience7 years

QualificationMD Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation

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Management Team
Dr. (Lt. Col.) Narendra Yadav

Assistant Professor

Experience6 years

QualificationMBBS, MD (Sports Medicine)

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FAQs

Physical medicine and rehabilitation physicians — also known as physiatrists — emphasize prevention, diagnosis, treatment and rehabilitation of people disabled by disease, disorder or injury.

  • Maximize independence with daily living activities
  • Decrease pain
  • Enhance performance/functionality to improve quality of life without surgical intervention

Physical medicine and rehabilitation providers treat the whole person, not just the problem area. Physical medicine and rehabilitation often are called the quality-of-life profession because its goal is to enhance the body's performance.

Physical medicine and rehabilitation physicians practice in a variety of clinical settings, including outpatient clinics and inpatient facilities. They have a broad range of knowledge, including musculoskeletal (bones, muscles), neurology (nerves, nervous system) and rheumatology (joints, muscles, ligaments). Some physical medicine and rehabilitation physicians complete additional training in sports medicine, paediatrics, brain injury and pain medicine.

Physical medicine and rehabilitation specialists treat people of all ages, providing procedures and services, including:

  • Ultrasound-guided injections for improvement of pain and symptoms caused by arthritis, tendonitis and bursitis
  • Guided injections of the spine to treat pain related to arthritis, sciatica and other conditions

Other common treatments provided or prescribed include:

  • Physical therapy
  • Manual therapy
  • Trigger point injections
  • Complementary and alternative medical treatments, including acupuncture, yoga and massage

Like other physicians, physical medicine and rehabilitation providers also prescribe medications for many issues, including muscle and nerve problems, attention and memory problems, and pain. Physical medicine and rehabilitation physicians also prescribe braces or splints to improve functionality along with other medical aids, including canes and walkers to enhance safety. Physical medicine and rehabilitation specialists are trained to utilize laboratory testing, X-rays, MRI or CT scans, electromyography (EMG), nerve conduction studies and psychological testing.

Outpatient physiatrists manage nonsurgical or nonoperative conditions, such as orthopaedic/musculoskeletal injuries, including muscle strains/tears/sprains, and bursitis and tendonitis related to the shoulder, elbow, wrist/hand, hip, knee and foot or ankle. Other common conditions treated include arthritis, overuse injuries, neck or low back pain and nerve disorders, including carpal or tarsal tunnel. Physiatrists work with other medical providers, including orthopaedic surgeons, neurosurgeons, neurologists, primary care providers, physical therapists, occupational therapists and speech therapists to help you get back to living your best life.

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